MEDLINE Subheadings
Subheadings allow searchers to precisely target a particular aspect of a larger MeSH concept: for example, narrowing to articles about the diagnosis of a condition rather than those about its complications or therapies.
- aa – Analogs & Derivatives
- ab – Abnormalities
- ad – Administration & Dosage
- ae – Adverse Effects
- ag – Agonists
- ah – Anatomy & Histology
- ai – Antagonists & Inhibitors
- an – Analysis
- bi – Biosynthesis
- bl – Blood
- bs – Blood Supply
- cf – Cerebrospinal Fluid
- ch – Chemistry
- ci – Chemically Induced
- cl – Classification
- cn – Congenital
- co – Complications
- cs – Chemical Synthesis
- ct – Contraindications
- cy – Cytology
- de – Drug Effects
- df – Deficiency
- dh – Diet Therapy
- di – Diagnosis
- dt – Drug Therapy
- du – Diagnostic Use
- ec – Economics
- ed – Education
- eh – Ethnology
- em – Embryology
- en – Enzymology
- ep – Epidemiology
- es – Ethics
- et – Etiology
- gd – Growth & Development
- ge – Genetics
- hi – History
- im – Immunology
- in – Injuries
- ip – Isolation & Purification
- ir – Innervation
- is – Instrumentation
- lj – Legislation & Jurisprudence
- ma – Manpower
- me – Metabolism
- mi – Microbiology
- mo – Mortality
- mt – Methods
- nu – Nursing
- og – Organization & Administration
- pa – Pathology
- pc – Prevention & Control
- pd – Pharmacology
- ph – Physiology
- pk – Pharmacokinetics
- po – Poisoning
- pp – Physiopathology
- ps – Parasitology
- px – Psychology
- py – Pathogenicity
- ra – Radiography
- re – Radiation Effects
- rh – Rehabilitation
- ri – Radionuclide Imaging
- rt – Radiotherapy
- sc – Secondary
- sd – Supply & Distribution
- se – Secretion
- sn – Statistics & Numerical Data
- st – Standards
- su – Surgery
- td – Trends
- th – Therapy
- tm – Transmission
- to – Toxicity
- tr – Transplantation
- tu – Therapeutic Use
- ul – Ultrastructure
- ur – Urine
- us – Ultrasonography
- ut – Utilization
- ve – Veterinary
- vi – Virology
Some subheadings include multiple other headings, allowing for searches on different aspects of a single concept: for example, “adverse effects” includes the narrower terms “poisoning” and “toxicity.”
Families of Subheading Explosions
- adverse effects
- poisoning
- toxicity
- analysis
- blood
- cerebrospinal fluid
- isolation & purification
- urine
- anatomy & histology
- abnormalities
- blood supply
- cytology
- embryology
- innervation
- pathology
- ultrastructure
- chemistry
- agonists
- analogs & derivatives
- antagonists & inhibitors
- chemical synthesis
- complications
- secondary
- cytology
- pathology
- ultrastructure
- diagnosis
- pathology
- radiography
- radionuclide imaging
- ultrasonography
- embryology
- abnormalities
- epidemiology
- ethnology
- mortality
- etiology
- chemically induced
- complications
- congenital
- embryology
- genetics
- immunology
- microbiology
- parasitology
- secondary
- transmission
- virology
- metabolism
- biosynthesis
- blood
- cerebrospinal fluid
- deficiency
- enzymology
- pharmacokinetics
- urine
- microbiology
- virology
- organization & administration
- economics
- legislation & jurisprudence
- manpower
- standards
- supply & distribution
- trends
- utilization
- pharmacology
- administration & dosage
- adverse effects
- agonists
- antagonists & inhibitors
- contraindications
- diagnostic use
- pharmacokinetics
- poisoning
- toxicity
- physiology
- biosynthesis
- blood
- cerebrospinal fluid
- deficiency
- enzymology
- genetics
- growth & development
- immunology
- metabolism
- pharmacokinetics
- physiopathology
- secretion
- urine
- statistics & numerical data
- epidemiology
- ethnology
- mortality
- supply & distribution
- utilization
- surgery
- transplantation
- therapeutic use
- administration & dosage
- adverse effects
- contraindications
- poisoning
- therapy
- diet therapy
- drug therapy
- nursing
- prevention & control
- radiotherapy
- rehabilitation
- surgery
- transplantation