Thor D. Stein, MD, PhD

Associate Professor, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine

Biography

Background:
Dr. Stein is Associate Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Leader of the Neuropathology Core at the Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center. He is also staff neuropathologist at VA Boston and VA Bedford Healthcare Systems. He completed his MD/PhD training at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health in Madison and his residency and fellowship training in neuropathology at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School.

Research Interests:
His research focuses on neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). He investigates the molecular and pathological underpinnings of these conditions, particularly how trauma contributes to their onset and progression. He has published extensively on the development and modeling of age- and trauma-related neuropathologies. Some of these studies include the most comprehensive analysis to date on beta-amyloid deposition, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, Lewy body disease, and TDP-43 pathology following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. He works on the epigenetic and gene network mechanisms involved in the development of neuropathology. Dr. Stein is the Principal Investigator on numerous grants, including VA Merit Awards on the role of traumatic brain injury in the development of AD, ALS, and CTE as well as multiple NIH R01s focused on determining the link between epigenetic modifications, lipidomic profiles, and pathological changes in the brain as they relate to cognitive decline.

Dr. Stein leads the Neuropathology Core at the Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Research and CTE Center, where he oversees neuropathological analyses and diagnoses. He manages the processing, preservation, and storage of brain tissue for research studies worldwide. He is also a neuropathologist for numerous other brain banks, including Framingham Heart Study, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) National ALS Biorepository, as well as the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs ALS, Gulf War Veterans Illnesses, and PTSD biorepositories.

Publications

  • Published 5/20/2026

    Fisher N, Xue L, Smith KK, Tao B, Cunha JA, Ladenheim S, Moreira-Bouchard JD, Milstone ZJ, Zhebrun A, Zhang X, Jun GR, Stein TD, Ang TFA, Farrer LA, Farb MG, Padera RF, Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Gopal DM, Isaac RS, Lenburg ME, Choi SH, Fetterman JL. Mitochondrial genetic variation across tissues of the human body. Nucleic Acids Res. 2026 May 20; 54(10). PMID: 42179041.

    Read at: PubMed

  • Published 5/1/2026

    Tao Q, Han J, Ang TFA, Hou L, Liu C, Murabito JM, Lunetta KL, Mez J, Alosco ML, Stein TD, Zhang X, Au R, Farrer L, Palmisano JN, Hamburg NM, Qiu WQ. Peripheral vascular function, including endothelium-dependent measures, and dementia risk: The Framingham Heart Study. Alzheimers Dement. 2026 May; 22(5):e71396. PMID: 42050369.

    Read at: PubMed

  • Published 4/10/2026

    Goldstein D, Sahelijo N, Priyadarshi D, Panitch R, Nho K, Farrer LA, Stein TD, Jun GR. Blood-Brain Network-Based Polygenic Risk Scores Reveal Biomarker Signatures and the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. J Clin Med. 2026 Apr 10; 15(8). PMID: 42074686.

    Read at: PubMed

  • Published 4/9/2026

    Darsono WHW, Hwang Y, Valencia E, Gunawan LT, Hyeon SJ, Ryu H, Stein TD, Chang MY, Wulansari N, Lee SH. Dysregulation of astrocytic DNAJC6 contributes to sporadic Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. J Clin Invest. 2026 Jun 01; 136(11). PMID: 41955024.

    Read at: PubMed

  • Published 4/9/2026

    Calderazzo SM, Butler MLMD, Breen K, Kanner H, Tripodis Y, Stein TD, Holtzman DM, Cherry JD, Huber BR, McKee AC. Meningeal and infiltrating T-cells are associated with repetitive head trauma and tau-mediated neurodegeneration in chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2026 Apr 09. PMID: 41957675.

    Read at: PubMed

Other Positions

  • Investigator
    Framingham Heart Study
  • Member, Evans Center for Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research
    Boston University

Education

  • University of Wisconsin Madison, MD
  • University of Wisconsin Madison, PhD
  • University of Wisconsin Madison, BS