Thor D. Stein, MD, PhD

Associate Professor, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine

Biography

Background:
Dr. Stein is Associate Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Leader of the Neuropathology Core at the Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center. He is also staff neuropathologist at VA Boston and VA Bedford Healthcare Systems. He completed his MD/PhD training at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health in Madison and his residency and fellowship training in neuropathology at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School.

Research Interests:
His research focuses on neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). He investigates the molecular and pathological underpinnings of these conditions, particularly how trauma contributes to their onset and progression. He has published extensively on the development and modeling of age- and trauma-related neuropathologies. Some of these studies include the most comprehensive analysis to date on beta-amyloid deposition, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, Lewy body disease, and TDP-43 pathology following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. He works on the epigenetic and gene network mechanisms involved in the development of neuropathology. Dr. Stein is the Principal Investigator on numerous grants, including VA Merit Awards on the role of traumatic brain injury in the development of AD, ALS, and CTE as well as multiple NIH R01s focused on determining the link between epigenetic modifications, lipidomic profiles, and pathological changes in the brain as they relate to cognitive decline.

Dr. Stein leads the Neuropathology Core at the Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Research and CTE Center, where he oversees neuropathological analyses and diagnoses. He manages the processing, preservation, and storage of brain tissue for research studies worldwide. He is also a neuropathologist for numerous other brain banks, including Framingham Heart Study, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) National ALS Biorepository, as well as the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs ALS, Gulf War Veterans Illnesses, and PTSD biorepositories.

Publications

  • Published 10/1/2025

    Kanner H, Tilton C, Alvarez VE, Stein TD, McKee AC, Cherry JD. Comparison of multiple quantitative strategies for neuropathologic image analyses. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2025 Oct 01; 84(10):928-940. PMID: 40814960.

    Read at: PubMed

  • Published 9/22/2025

    Subramanian ML, Sampani K, Ness S, Tuz-Zahra F, Alluri S, Chen X, Siegel NH, Aytan N, Xia W, Tripodis Y, Alosco ML, Stein TD. Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease are upregulated in patients with diabetic retinopathy. J Alzheimers Dis. 2025 Sep 22; 13872877251378759. PMID: 40982223.

    Read at: PubMed

  • Published 9/3/2025

    Halvorsen SC, Gkousioudi A, Nicks R, Alvarez VE, Bigio IJ, Zaia J, Stein TD, Zhang Y. Cerebrovascular remodeling in aging and neurodegenerative disease progression. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2025; 13:1597917. PMID: 40969224.

    Read at: PubMed

  • Published 9/3/2025

    Shoushtari SI, Liaw E, Alluri S, Sheikh Z, Kumar S, Huynh C, Schmidt IM, Ness S, Chen X, Siegel NH, Waikar SS, Stein TD, Lu W, Subramanian ML. The association between SLIT2 in human vitreous humor and plasma and neurocognitive test scores. J Alzheimers Dis. 2025 Sep 03; 13872877251374287. PMID: 40899951.

    Read at: PubMed

  • Published 9/1/2025

    Alosco ML, Morrison M, Au R, Steinberg EG, Mwicigi J, Ly M, Altaras C, Lenio S, Abdennadher M, O'Connor MK, Tripodis Y, Palmisano J, Dixon D, Martin B, Schneider G, Groh JR, Ellison A, Sheppard D, Farris CW, Nowinski C, Cantu RC, Turk KW, Farrer L, Jun G, Goldstein LE, Qiu WQ, Stein TD, Budson AE, McKee AC, Mez J. Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Clinical Core: Infrastructure to facilitate research on post-traumatic Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Alzheimers Dement. 2025 Sep; 21(9):e70654. PMID: 40923312.

    Read at: PubMed

Other Positions

  • Investigator
    Framingham Heart Study
  • Member, Evans Center for Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research
    Boston University

Education

  • University of Wisconsin Madison, MD
  • University of Wisconsin Madison, PhD
  • University of Wisconsin Madison, BS