{"id":138348,"date":"2024-09-26T15:09:00","date_gmt":"2024-09-26T19:09:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/?post_type=bu-article&p=138348"},"modified":"2025-09-23T18:39:32","modified_gmt":"2025-09-23T22:39:32","slug":"new-alzheimers-studies-reveal-disease-biology-risk-for-progression-and-potential-for-novel-blood-test","status":"publish","type":"bu-article","link":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/news-events\/articles\/2024\/new-alzheimers-studies-reveal-disease-biology-risk-for-progression-and-potential-for-novel-blood-test\/","title":{"rendered":"New Alzheimer\u2019s Studies Reveal Disease Biology, Risk for Progression, and Potential for Novel Blood Test"},"content":{"rendered":"\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNew Alzheimer\u2019s Studies Reveal Disease Biology, Risk for Progression, and Potential for Novel Blood Test\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n
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The failure to diagnose Alzheimer\u2019s disease, the most common form of dementia in the elderly, at an early stage of molecular pathology is considered a major reason why treatments fail in clinical trials. Previous research to molecularly diagnose Alzheimer\u2019s disease yielded \u201cA\/T\/N\u201d central biomarkers based on the measurements of proteins, \u03b2-amyloid (\u201cA\u201d) and tau (\u201cT\u201d), and \u201cN\u201d encompassing neurodegeneration. A\/T\/N can be measured in brain tissue, by in vivo<\/em> brain imaging techniques, and by analysis of cerebrospinal fluid and plasma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alzheimer\u2019s disease is thought to be triggered by combinations of genetic and environmental risk factors. Blood-based biomarkers such as plasma microRNAs (miRNAs)\u2014molecules that regulate genome-environment interactions and control the expression of genes governing brain functions which deteriorate in Alzheimer\u2019s\u2014could offer advantages of cost-savings, accessibility and decreased invasiveness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Two new papers by a team of researchers at Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, the Indiana University School of Medicine and the Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) in Goettingen, Germany, published in Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer\u2019s Association demonstrate that evaluating microRNAs in blood can be used not only to diagnose mild cognitive impairment (MCI) but also, critically, to predict the conversion from MCI to dementia due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Moreover, the researchers uncovered microRNA candidate molecular biomarkers that associate with current Amyloid, Tau, and Neurodegeneration (A\/T\/N) Alzheimer\u2019s biomarkers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ivana Delalle<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOur papers are the result of a successful collaboration that tied the technology developed by professor Andre Fischer in Germany\u2019s DZNE to reliably measure the levels of microRNA in human plasma, and the power of blood samples obtained from hundreds of ADNI participants participating in a simulated clinical trial taking place at about 60 medical centers across the US and Canada. Our discovery is important because, unlike the current A\/T\/N biomarkers, microRNAs may serve as blood molecular biomarkers years before Alzheimer\u2019s disease manifests clinically, thus identifying the time window for effective prevention or early intervention to stop the progression of Alzheimer\u2019s,\u201d explained one of four senior authors Ivana Delalle<\/a>, MD, PhD, professor of pathology & laboratory medicine at Boston University.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The other senior authors are Andre Fischer, PhD, DZNE speaker and professor of epigenetics of neurodegenerative diseases at University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Kwangsik Nho, PhD, professor of radiology and imaging sciences at the IU School of Medicine; and Andrew J. Saykin, PsyD, Raymond C. Beeler Professor of Radiology and director of the Center for Neuroimaging and the Indiana Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Center at the IU School of Medicine. The work was funded by the National Institutes of Health\u2019s National Institute on Aging multisite project RF1AG078299. \u201cMicroRNAs as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease\u201d that supports the teams of researchers in multiple institutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The researchers examined miRNA expression in the plasma samples of three diagnostic groups of participants\u2014cognitively normal, mildly cognitively impaired and dementia due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients. They found that, when combined with neuropsychological testing, plasma microRNAome evaluation helps predict which aging individuals concerned about cognitive decline will progress to develop Alzheimer\u2019s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThese findings provide a path toward a better understanding the molecular mechanisms driving plaques, tangles and atrophy, and may provide clues for the next generation of therapeutic targets,\u201d Saykin said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While these are exciting times with novel therapies for Alzheimer\u2019s disease entering clinical care, the researchers note that those therapies only will work in a real-world setting if patients at risk are identified as early as possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cMicroRNAs are ideal biomarkers since they are not only very stable but also control entire molecular pathways thereby ensuring cellular homeostasis. As such one microRNA can simultaneously control many proteins belonging to a certain pathway,\u201d Fischer said. \u201cTherefore, the analysis of a few microRNAs can inform about complex pathological changes reflecting multiple pathways, such as neuroinflammation, metabolic changes, or synapse dysfunction. Thus, we need biomarkers that allow screening applicable in a point-of-care setting. Our studies are an important step in this direction.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe have laid the groundwork for further investigations into the role of microRNAs in Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathogenesis,\u201d Nho said. \u201cWe envision that once specific miRNA signatures are further confirmed, the analysis of blood miRNAs will be transferred to simple assay formats enabling the adoption of blood miRNAome analysis in clinical practice.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The researchers said improved tools for the early detection of Alzheimer\u2019s are indispensable for developing prevention and treatment strategies for the disease that is causing enormous suffering and burdens health care systems around the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These findings appear online in Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia in two papers. Find them here<\/a> and here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The failure to diagnose Alzheimer\u2019s disease, the most common form of dementia in the elderly, at an early stage of molecular pathology is considered a major reason why treatments fail in clinical trials. Previous research to molecularly diagnose Alzheimer\u2019s disease yielded \u201cA\/T\/N\u201d central biomarkers based on the measurements of proteins, \u03b2-amyloid (\u201cA\u201d) and tau (\u201cT\u201d), […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24243,"featured_media":138390,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"bu_prepress_billboard":"","_bu_prepress_primary_term":"Research","_bu_prepress_primary_term_manual":""},"tags":[94],"bu-publication":[367],"medicine-article-category":[],"medicine-topic":[],"news-article-category":[385],"news-topic":[],"bu_edition":[390],"media_type":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bu-article\/138348"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bu-article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/bu-article"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24243"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=138348"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bu-article\/138348\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":138629,"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bu-article\/138348\/revisions\/138629"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/138390"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=138348"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=138348"},{"taxonomy":"bu-publication","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bu-publication?post=138348"},{"taxonomy":"medicine-article-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/medicine-article-category?post=138348"},{"taxonomy":"medicine-topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/medicine-topic?post=138348"},{"taxonomy":"news-article-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-article-category?post=138348"},{"taxonomy":"news-topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-topic?post=138348"},{"taxonomy":"bu_edition","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/bu_edition?post=138348"},{"taxonomy":"media_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media_type?post=138348"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}